Signs And Symptoms

February 22, 2008

In the early stages of Alzheimer’s disease, the person is able to both perform self-care activities and function socially. Initially, changes in behavior may be subtle and infrequent. During this stage the person may deny the presence of any abnormality and may try to cover up his behavior with excuses. These changes are often attributed to other physical or mental problems. As time progresses the signs and symptoms become more frequent and are noticed by family and friends. The once quiet and friendly person may exhibit swings in mood and outbursts of anger. Tasks that were simple, such as cooking, playing cards, and driving a car, become difficult. There is difficulty concentrating, making decisions, and maintaining coordination.

As the disease advances, the person’s attempts to cover up for the behavior become more difficult. Sleep may be interrupted and the person may experience hallucinations. In addition, safety becomes a concern because of restlessness and tendencies to wander off, especially at night.

The lack of ability to function independently is characteristic of the final stages of the disease. Profound weight loss, related to impaired intake of food and fluids, is sometimes noted. The activities of daily living, such as hygiene and elimination, can no longer be controlled. In addition, the inability to recognize self, family, and friends may contribute to feelings of anger and frustration.